Cluster Headaches

Cluster headaches are among the most severe and debilitating types of headaches. They occur in cyclical patterns, known as "clusters," and can disrupt daily life with their intense, recurring pain. At Migraine and Headache Center of Florida, experienced board certfied neurologist and headache specialist Dr. Bernadette Nazario-Lopez, MD, PharmD, specializes in diagnosing and treating cluster headaches, offering tailored care to help you regain control of your life. Call the Altamonte Springs, Florida, office to request an appointment or reach out online today. 

What are the symptoms of cluster headaches?

Cluster headaches are known for their sudden onset and excruciating pain. Common symptoms include:

Intense pain around one eye

The pain usually centers around or behind one eye, often radiating to the forehead, temple, or face. The pain is often described as sharp, burning, or piercing.

Red, watery eyes and nasal congestion

Many people experience redness in the affected eye, tearing, or nasal congestion on the same side as the headache. Swelling around the eye is also common.

Restlessness and agitation

Unlike migraines, where people may want to lie down in a dark room, those with cluster headaches often feel restless and may pace or rock back and forth to cope with the pain.

What causes cluster headaches?

The exact cause of cluster headaches remains unclear, but research points to abnormalities in certain parts of the brain.

Hypothalamus involvement

Experts believe that the hypothalamus, a region of the brain that controls body rhythms, plays a role in triggering cluster headache cycles. This could explain why the headaches often occur at the same time each day or during specific seasons.

Genetic and environmental factors

While cluster headaches aren't typically inherited, a family history of the condition may increase the risk. Certain lifestyle factors, such as smoking and alcohol consumption, can also trigger or worsen cluster headaches.

How does a cluster headache differ from a regular headache?

Cluster headaches are far more severe than typical headaches and have distinct features that set them apart.

Shorter duration but frequent attacks

Cluster headaches last between 15 minutes and 3 hours but can occur several times a day over weeks or months. This contrasts with tension headaches, which are often mild and last longer.

Unilateral pain

Cluster headaches almost always affect one side of the head, typically around the eye. Other headaches, like migraines or tension headaches, may involve both sides of the head or different areas.

How are cluster headaches treated?

Treatment for cluster headaches is focused on reducing the severity and frequency of attacks.

Acute treatments

For quick relief, oxygen therapy and certain prescription medications can help shorten the duration of the headache. These treatments work best when administered early in the attack.

Preventive therapies

To prevent future cluster periods, Dr. Nazario-Lopez may prescribe medications designed to reduce the frequency of headaches. In some cases, lifestyle modifications and trigger management can also play a crucial role.

If you suffer from cluster headaches, don't wait to seek expert care. Contact Migraine and Headache Center of Florida to schedule a consultation or reach out online to explore treatment options tailored to your needs.